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Have
a question on or need to purchase quality HIPPS Systems? Our
Sponsors MOKVELD are Experts in this area!
Contact them
here.
HIPPS is applied to prevent over-pressurisation of a plant or pipeline by shutting off the source of the high pressure. Mokveld’s experience in HIPPS totals over of 19000 operational years (> 1000 valves). The Mokveld HIPPS are therefore proven-in-use for high reliability safety applications. Read more here.
These are sometimes identified as
These systems have been utilised in Germany for over 30 years and are proven to be extremely reliable in very rapid isolation of pipelines.
They are so reliable that the need for other safety related devices such as Safety Relief Valves can be minimised. They have the following advantages:
- Negating the need for flare systems to be sized for the case of a well failing to close.
- Production piping downrating, giving potential cost benefits of more than 25%
- Fast inventory isolation within two seconds
- Huge capital cost savings
HIPPS Systems reduce the need for traditional mechanical relief devices and the level of flaring in oil and gas applications. New installations can use the benefits to minimise the requirement for pressure relief valve manifolds and flare systems. On existing processing plants HIPPS Systems may eliminate the need to upsize the flare and the relief valve manifold as a result of increased throughput and in some cases actually provide the technology to remove an existing system. Installing a HIPPS system at the wellhead or pressure source allows the downstream piping to be down rated and as a result reduce capital expenditure. On offshore installations flaring can be significantly reduced and on new installations, significant weight savings may be attained with the use of HIPPS.
The HIPPS design must be in accordance with IEC 61508 /61511. These standards define the configuration of the Certified (Typically TUV) Safety Instrumented System (SIS) to provide the necessary risk reduction and meet the required Safety Integrity Level (SIL). The principal of operation is that the 2003 voted redundant pressure instrumentation trips on high pressure and isolates the pipeline very rapidly (typically within two seconds) by rapidly closing the valve. Dependant on the level of reliability required sometimes two HIPPS systems are installed in series. The need for this is determined by reliability analysis against a required facility reliability figure. These figures are determined by factors such as safety, environmental, public perception of a prescribed event and cost of an event.
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
- Onshore Gas Pipelines
- Offshore and Onshore Gas Well Pipelines
- Offshore Subsea Applications
Integral Mechanical HIPPs systems - using Mechanical Initiators
In 1974 the German DVGW certified the Mokveld final element
including mechanical initiators in accordance with EN 14382 (former DIN 3381).
Since that date Mokveld has field experience with safety shut-off valves (with
actuator and initiator) closing within 2 seconds.
•
Integrated safety loop to IEC 61508 / EN 12186
•
Safe and simple
•
Option not requiring external energy (stand-alone HIPPS)
•
No wiring required
•
Set point accuracy < 1%
•
System to SIL 3 or 4
•
Third party validated failure data

Integral Mechanical HIPPs system
Full Electronic HIPPS - with Electronic Pressure Transmitters
Full Electronic HIPPS - with Electronic Pressure
Transmitters - When designing a HIPPS it is best to treat a HIPPS (and other
SIS) as a complete certified functional loop and not on separate component
level. Safety wise the HIPPS loop is designed in accordance with IEC 61508 and
61511. On the specification side of the final element the design is in
accordance with EN 14382 (DIN 3381). The misunderstanding that ‘system’
stands for controller and that a SIS can be designed on component level, is the
cause of the biggest problem in the implementation of HIPPS. The under
specification of mechanical components and the acceptance of component Safety
Integrity Level (SIL) certification, instead of verification of the complete
loop SIL is still a pitfall. The main features of a full electronic HIPPS are;
•
Integrated safety loop to IEC 61508 / EN 12186
• No limit on distance between transmitters and final element
• Communication with Plant Safety System
• Possibility of integrated monitoring
• Hard-wired solid-state logic solver
•
System to SIL 3 or 4
• High integrity manifold block for safer operation

Full Electronic HIPPS - with Electronic Pressure Transmitters
The following technical papers, articles and application examples are from our sponsor Mokveld
What
is HIPPS? - HIPPS is an abbreviation of “High Integrity Pressure
Protection System”. HIPPS systems are applied to prevent over-pressurisation
of a plant by shutting-off the source of the high pressure. In traditional
systems over-pressure is dealt with through relief systems. Relief systems have
obvious disadvantages such as release of (flammable and toxic) process fluids in
the environment and often a large footprint of the installation. With the
increasing environmental awareness relief systems are no longer an acceptable
solution. HIPPS provides a technically sound and economically attractive
solution to protect equipment in cases where High-pressures and / or flow rates
are processed, the environment is to be protected, the economic viability of a
development needs improvement and the risk profile of the plant must be reduced.
HIPPS is an instrumented safety system that is designed and built in accordance
with the IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 standards. This useful paper describes the
technology well.
Shutoff
Valves - This paper highlights the HIPPS
applications.
Considerations
in Designing HIPPS - Willem-Jan Nuis / Rens Wolters - HIPPS is an
abbreviation for High Integrity (Pressure) Protection System, which is a
specific application of a Safety Instrumented System (SIS) designed in
accordance with IEC 61508. The function of a HIPPS is to protect the downstream
equipment against overpressure by closing the source. Usually this is done by
timely closing one or more dedicated safety shut off valves to prevent further
pressurisation of the piping downstream of those valves.
Axial Excellence in China's Gas Transmission Network - Chris Charles and Machiel Bosma - Since the early 1900's an exceptional valve concept was used in hydro-power plants: the axial flow valve. Axial flow refers to the streamlined symmetrical and unrestricted flow path between the valve inner and outer body. In the 1950's Mokveld acknowledged the advantages and adopted the concept into their control valves designs. Over the last decades, this axial control valve has captured a strong position across the full range of gas and oil segments; production, processing, transmission, storage and distribution. In this article, Mokveld presents some benefits of the use of axial control valves and provides some specific project application examples of their engineered valve solutions in China.
Partial Stroking on Fast Acting Applications - Willem-Jan Nuis / Rens Wolters - A proof test is a periodic test of the safety instrumented system, IEC 61508 adds that the target should be to detect 100% of all dangerous failures and all safety functions should be checked. Based on this we feel that partial stroking should not be considered a proof test. Partial stroking is born out of and focused on the breakaway torque of a ball valve. Partial stroking does not verify if the final element performs its safety function that is of course closing within a certain time. Therefore partial stroking should be considered on its best a diagnostic test. In some respect this could be contradicted while most partial stroke devices do not perform the test automated and do not shut-down the safety system when a fault is detected. We will however consider it a diagnostic test.
Increased Demands for HIPPS Final Elements -Rens Wolters describes the impact of the new IEC 61508 Edition 2010 on final elements and HIPPS - In the oil and gas industry protection against high pressure is increasingly performed by means of instrumented systems rather than mechanical safety relief valves. When the risk is high and the response time is short this application is often referred to as HIPPS (High Integrity Pressure Protection System). The applicable standards - IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 - use the generic term SIF or SIS (Safety Instrumented Function or System), whereas the industry uses HIPPS for this specific application. In the standards the element that shuts-off the incoming flow and isolates the high pressure source (on-off valve) is called the final element. A new revision of the IEC 61508 was published in 2010 and seriously impacts the HIPPS final element.
Valves/Actuator Combinations - Rens Wolters - In 2010 a new revision of the IEC 61508 was formally published. The previous version dated back to 1998 and since then it is used in the Oil and Gas industry for over-pressure protection systems. This paper focuses on the modifications in the IEC 61508 related to the final elements and as example an application in the Oil and Gas industry is used - from Mokveld and TUV.
5.13
Subsea
HIPPS - HIPPS is an instrumented safety system that is designed and
built in accordance with the IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 standards. Additionally API
RP 17O – Recommended Practice for Subsea HIPPS - provides guidelines for using
the IEC standards in subsea systems. These international standards refer to
safety functions (SF) and Safety Instrumented systems (SIS) when discussing a
solution to protect equipment, personnel and environment. A system that closes
the source of over-pressure within 2 seconds with a determined reliability level
is usually identified as a HIPPS. A subsea HIPPS is a complete functional loop
consisting of; (a) The initiators that detect the high pressure (b) A logic
solver, which processes the input from the initiators to an output to the final
element and (c) The final elements, that actually perform the corrective action
in the field by bringing the process to a safe state. The final element
consists of a valve and fail safe actuator and possibly solenoids.
HIPPS Application Examples
Full Electronic HIPPS in the Netherlands - Compressor station with underground High Integrity Pressure Protection System.
Integral Mechanical HIPPS in Argentina - Stand-alone HIPPS in remote area
Other Useful Links to HIPPS Technical Papers and Articles
HIPPS Systems Basics
High
Integrity Pressure Protection System - A High Integrity
Pressure Protection System (HIPPS) is a type of safety instrumented system (SIS)
designed to prevent over-pressurisation of a plant, such as a chemical plant or
oil refinery. The HIPPS will shut-off the source of the high pressure before the
design pressure of the system is exceeded, thus preventing loss of containment
through rupture (explosion) of a line or vessel. Therefore, the HIPPS is
considered as a barrier between a high-pressure and a low-pressure section of an
installation. Covers Traditional systems, Advantages
of HIPPS, Components of HIPPS, HIPPS Diagram,
Standards and Design Practices -from Wikipedia, the
free encyclopedia.
HIPPS-High
Integrity Pressure Protection Systems - By
now if you have been working in the process industries (like chemicals, oil
& gas, petrochemicals and so on) for some time, you must have come across
the term HIPPS. What is it? It is an acronym for High Integrity Pressure
Protection Systems. These protection systems can be considered to a special
subset of Safety Instrumented Systems, that are meant to provide protection to
pressurized equipment (tanks, pipelines and so on) against overpressure and
consequent rupture. Thanks to Abhisam
Software.
HIPPS
Solutions - Safe Operation and Nonstop Availability - The
main reasons for using HIPPS (high-integrity pressure protection systems) are
safety, environmental and economic. Safety to ensure that you can confidently
operate close to design limits. Environmental to avoid unnecessary flaring and
thereby limiting air emissions. And economic to reduce costs, because it is
always cheaper to use HIPPS than to install full-flaring capacity and
full-schedule piping and equipment. The continuous operation of equipment is a
prerequisite. Nonstop operation – this is the advantage offered by HIMA HIPPS
solutions. All applicable standards up to SIL 3 and even SIL 4 are also met.
5.13 High
Integrity Pressure Protection System (HIPPS) - Andrew Chu
- A High Integrity Pressure Protection System (HIPPS) is a Safety Instrumented
System (SIS) designed to prevent an unsafe condition caused by pressure arising
(e.g. due to separator outlet blocked in the choke valve downstream, blocked
pipeline, etc). The decision to
utilize a HIPPS in addition of utilize a PSV shall be based on the study of
risk. The aim of this study is to determine a certain SIL requirement. This
study will conclude whether some process condition need to have a HIPPS or its
ok to protect it by a PSV valve only - from the Instrument Engineers Blogspot.
HIPPS Design
High
Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (HIPPS) - Angela E.
Summers, Ph.D., P.E., President, SIS-TECH Solutions, LLC -
High
Integrity Protection Systems For New And Existing Vessels -
Bryan A. Zachary and Angela E. Summers, Ph.D., P.E. - High Integrity Protection
Systems (HIPS) are Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) implemented to address
overpressure scenarios in lieu of a pressure relief valve (PRV). HIPS
essentially replaces the PRV for those scenarios that the SIS is designed to
prevent. HIPS applications are generally pipeline and pressure vessel
overpressure protection. Thanks to SIS-TECH Solutions.
High
Integrity Protective Systems for Reactive Processes - Angela E. Summers, Ph.D., P.E - LP Industry standards from
the American Petroleum Institute (API) and American Society of Mechanical
Engineers (ASME) provide criteria for the design and protection of vessels from
rupture or damage caused by excess pressure. In conventional design, pressure
relief devices, such as pressure relief or safety valves, are used as the
primary means of pressure protection. However, in many reactive applications,
the use of a pressure relief valve (PRV) is impractical. Alternative methods of
preventing overpressure must be utilized to achieve measurable risk reduction.
Fortunately, API 521 and Code Case 2211 of ASME Section VIII, Division 1 and 2,
provide an alternative to PRVs – the use of a safety instrumented system.
Since these safety instrumented systems must achieve a high safety availability,
they are often referred to as high integrity protection systems (HIPS). This
paper will discuss how to assess, design, and implement HIPS to effectively
manage potential overpressure of equipment used for reactive processes - Thanks to SIS-TECH Solutions.
Process
Guidelines for Designing HIPS - This guide is intended to
provide guidelines for Process engineers in charge of defining High Integrity
Protection Systems (HIPS) during conceptual phases / preproject and/or
supervising the process aspects of HIPS design performed by Contractors during
project phases. You will have to log in to scribd to download this document.
Preventing
Overpressure: A Safety System Success Story - Using Failsafe Systems to Prevent
Overpressure - David K. Thomas -From the ISA
5.13 HIPPS
...for Cost-Effective Risk Reduction - Ken Bingham and
Scott Lawson - With the oil and gas sector booming, many hydrocarbon processing
facilities are trying to increase production to meet rising demand. These
plants, initially designed and engineered, sometimes decades ago, to deliver a
specific level of production, are being expanded or revamped in some way. When
new gas production sources are tied into a gas plant, for example, the existing
pipelines and processing equipment face the risk of overpressure in excess of
design capacity. This may result in the unplanned release of hydrocarbons into
the atmosphere via a triggering of a mechanical relief device such as a PSV
(pressure safety valve), the undesirable burning of these hydrocarbons through
the flare system or the worst case scenario of a rupture, fire and explosion.
With the adoption of various standards including ASME, API, and the performance
based, non-prescriptive standards IEC 61508 and IEC 61511, conventional thinking
is evolving to include the application of high reliability safety instrumented
systems (SIS) to replace and lessen the need for additional PSVs and expanded
flare systems. HIPPS, an abbreviation for high integrity pressure protection
system, is a specific application of a SIS designed in accordance with IEC 61508
which is growing in popularity. With HIPPS, the protection against overpressure
is achieved by quickly isolating the source causing the overpressure, as
compared to conventional relief systems where the overpressure is relieved to
atmosphere - from ACM.
5.13 HIPPS-Based
No-Burst Design of Flowlines and Risers
- Nikolaos Politis, Hugh Banon, and Christopher Curran - A
methodology is proposed for design of subsea flowlines and risers coupled with a
subsea high-integrity pressure protection system (HIPPS) for fields with high
shut-in tubing pressure (SITP). The proposed approach uses a design pressure
that is lower than the SITP while maintaining a high reliability against burst
failure. This approach enables an inherently safer design and ensures that the
system integrity is not compromised in the unlikely event that HIPPS valves fail
to close upon demand. The proposed design methodology is supported by a
combination of analytical and experimental results. Further, an example is
provided for demonstration purposes - from spe.org
Safety
Instrumented Systems for the Overpressure Protection of Pipeline Risers -
This provides guidance on pipeline riser system pressure containment, and on the
overpressure protection of riser systems by means of instrumented systems which
are remotely located on a normally unattended installation (NUI) or subsea- from
the HSE UK.
HIPPS
Design - In general, the HIPPS design should satisfy the
required SIL by calculation, based on component reliability and fault tolerance
requirements. It should be noted also that in the UK, ALARP ( as low as
reasonably practicable ) plays an important role when considering risk in the
derivation of the safety case associated with any HIPPS application. Reference
to, and conformance with, safety standard IEC 61508 will be an essential
requirement of the HIPPS design process - from MCE International.
High
Integrity Protection Systems (HIPPS) – Making SIL Calculations Effective -
Jean-Pierre Signoret - In the oil industry,
traditional protection systems as defined in American
Petroleum Institute (API) 14C are more and more often replaced
by high integrity protection systems (HIPS). In particular, this
encompasses the well-known high integrity pressure protectionsystems (HIPPS)
used to protect specifically against overpressure. As safety
instrumented systems (SIS) they have to be analysed through the
formal processes described in the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) 61508 and IEC 61511 Standards in order to assess
which Safety Integrity Levels (SIL) they are able to claim. Thanks to
Touchoilandgas.com
Wellhead
Flowline Pressure Protection Using High Integrity Protective Systems -
Angela E. Summers, Ph.D., P.E., President, SIS-Tech Solutions, LP Bryan A.
Zachary, Director, Product & Application Engineering, SIS-TECH Solutions, LP
- For many years, owner/operator pipe specification practices have
required that wellhead downstream piping be adequate to sustain a full wellhead
shut-in. This inherently safer design practice ensured that flowline pipe was
specified with a maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) equal to or greater
than the maximum pressure expected to be produced by the well. This practice has
been proven to provide adequate protection in thousands of wellhead
installations throughout the world. Inherently safer practice has been
challenged recently with the introduction of electric submersible pumps (ESPs)
in new and existing wells. The maximum discharge pressure under block-in
conditions is greater than the MAWP of existing flowline pipe. A safe
alternative to replacing the pipe is the use of a high integrity protective
system (HIPS) designed and managed as a safety instrumented system (SIS). While
the HIPS protects the flowline, the implementation of the HIPS introduces a new
cause for blocked ESP discharge, which can result in significant ESP damage and
production losses. This new hazard scenario must be addressed in the overall
risk reduction strategy for the ESP and pipeline. This presentation explains how
HIPS can be applied as a layer of protection against flowline overpressure in
single and multiple wellhead installations. It also discusses how HIPS
implementation affects the necessary ESP protection.
Subsea HIPPS
High
Integrity Pressure Protection Lowers Subsea Costs - Ian
Ramsay-Connell - Several North Sea examples illustrate the advantages of install
ing high-integrity pressure protection systems (HIPPS) on subsea wells. Many
published papers discuss the benefi ts of subsea HIPPS and many studies show the
potential cost-benefi t analysis of this technology in deepwa ter applications -
from Yokogawa.
HIPPS
Protects Subsea Production in HP/HT Conditions - Lars
Bak - Lilleaker Consulting AS
- Roald Sirevaag and Halvor Stokke -The subsea production system for the high
pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) Kristin field was developed to accommodate its
shut-in wellhead pressure of 740 bar (74 MPa) and flowing temperature of 157° C
(315° F). This required protecting the flowlines and risers from overpressure.
The Kristin field began production in Nov. 2005, and in Aug. 2006, five of six
subsea high integrity pressure protection system (HIPPS) were working. During
the initial year of operation, the Kristin subsea HIPPS proved reliable,
operations friendly, and efficient, causing no unplanned production loss. This
performance can be attributed to the extensive qualification process, the design
effort, and quality control throughout development. Thanks to offshore-mag.com
and pennenergy.
Subsea
HIPPS offers High-Pressure Field Development Option -
Sandeep Patni and Janardhan
Davalath - A major challenge in developing a deepwater project is
recovering reserves at a reasonable capex investment for flowline and riser
installation. A high-integrity pressure protection system (HIPPS) is a step
toward improving recoverability. HIPPS provides a pressure break between subsea
systems that are rated to full shut-in pressure and the flowline and riser,
rated to a lower pressure. Thanks to offshore-mag.com
Subsea
System Worries - High integrity pressure protection
systems (HIPPS) have been around for years, but industry seeks new version for
ocean floor use - William M. Taggart IV - Why is the offshore oil-and-gas
sector struggling with writing a new standard for an old subject? It has to do
with the unique location where these new high integrity pressure protection
systems (HIPPS) will locate - subsea. As the oil/gas industry moves into deeper
and deeper waters, the tool of choice is increasingly becoming subsea
production. Many of the newer subsea wells are accessing deeper, higher pressure
reservoirs, which can only deliver product to nearby existing infrastructure
(platforms and pipelines, designed for lower pressure fields) to remain an
economical venture. A HIPPS system located downstream of a subsea well provides
a barrier (called a “spec break”) between the high-pressure oil/gas
reservoirs and the lower pressure infrastructure. In this case, HIPPS is the
only means that would allow tying into the lower rated systems. The costs for a
separate high-pressure infrastructure could very quickly result in costs that
not only make the development uneconomical, but also would result in expending
more energy than would be gathered from the wells.
5.13 Video
- DNV
HIPPS - An introduction to High
Integrity Pressure Protection System (HIPPS) as utilised on high pressure Subsea
Systems - from DNV.
5.13
Optimizing
Pressure in Subsea pipes with HIPPS - Jacob G. Hoseth,
Bernard Humphrey - Most of the ‘easy’ oil fields have now been discovered,
making it likely that new fields will be more difficult to develop than in the
past. For those fields where high pressure is the main technical challenge, a
subsea High Integrity Pipeline Protection System (HIPPS) which, by confining the
high pressures to the wellhead area, allows existing infrastructure to be used.
When subsea HIPPS is installed, the flowline and riser pipe wall thickness can
be rated to just the flowing pressure. A modularized, flexible system, subsea
HIPPS helps oilfield operators to reduce the cost of developing pipeline
solutions without compromising safety - from ABB.
High
Integrity Protection Systems (HIPS) for Flare Load Mitigation -
Angela E. Summers, Ph.D., P.E., President, SIS-TECH Solutions, LLC - The
American Petroleum Institute (API) and American Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME) provide criteria for the protection of vessels and
pipelines from excess pressure. In conventional design, a Pressure Relief Valve
(PRV) is used as the primary means of protection, and a
flare is used to safely combust the gases relieved during an overpressure
event. Although conventional, the use of a PRV is sometimes an unattractive
proposition, particularly where the pressure relief
involves a large flare load. API 521 and Code Case 2211 of
ASME Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 allow the use of an SIS in lieu of a PRV as
long as the SIS meets or exceeds the protection that would
have been provided by the PRV. As an SIS, the design must follow
the safety lifecycle provided in the United States standard ANSI/ISA 84.01-1996
or the international standard IEC 61511. The required risk
reduction results in the need for high SIS safety availability; therefore, these
systems are often called High Integrity Protection Systems
(HIPS)
Flare
Header Over-pressure Protective System using HIPS - In
the chemical process industry, a key safety consideration is the control and
response to over-pressure situations. Traditionally, pressure relief valves and
flares were used to handle the relieving of vessels from over-pressure in the
worst case scenario. When units are expanded, modified, or when a new unit is
being integrated into a plant, existing flare capacity may be inadequate. Flare
capacity, an essential safety design feature, is normally sized on the basis of
handling the largest release resulting from a single contingency for a unit.
Conventional design of over-pressure protection systems require additional flare
capacity either by installing another flare system or reducing contingencies of
existing flare systems. An alternative is to apply High
Integrity Protective System (HIPS) to reduce
some single contingencies to double contingencies, thereby allowing continued
operation without compromising safety, or requiring additional expansion or
investment in the flare system. A properly designed and
applied High Integrity Protective Systems (HIPS) may be used to reduce loads to
existing flare systems or provide additional safeguards where conventional
pressure relief devices have proven to be unreliable. The use of HIPS also
conforms to ISA S84 "Application of Safety Instrumented Systems for the
Process Industries" and the Draft International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) 61508 Standard "Functional Safety: safety-related systems",
Parts 1 through 7 - from processoperations.com .
Maximize
the Use of Your Existing Flare Structures - Due
to the design vintage of many petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants,
existing pressure relief and flare systems may be overloaded because of prior
unit expansions/upgrades have increased the load on the flare for combined
flaring scenarios beyond the original design intentions, the desire to connect
atmospheric relief valves to the flare for environmental and safety
consideration and to eliminate blow down drums, addition of new process units
that need access to flaring capacity. As a result, many
petroleum companies are engaged in comprehensive flare systems evaluation and
upgrading projects to ensure continuing safe operations, to MAXIMIZE the use of
their exiting flare systems, and to MINIMIZE the need for modifying existing
flare structures or building new ones. This excellent paper provides a general
framework for evaluating and maximizing available flare systems capacity, and
investigates criteria and approaches for determining a tolerable risk event for
flare systems. It also details how to implement a HIPS design - from ioMosaic
Corporation.
5.13
API
RP 17O - Recommended Practice for Subsea High Integrity Pressure Protection
System (HIPPS) - This RP addresses the requirements for
the use of high integrity pressure protection systems (HIPPS) for subsea
applications. API 14C, IEC 61508, and IEC 61511 specify the requirements for
onshore, topsides and subsea safety instrumented systems (SIS) and are
applicable to HIPPS, which are designed to autonomously isolate downstream
facilities from overpressure situations. This document integrates these
requirements to address the specific needs of subsea production. These
requirements cover the HIPPS pressure sensors, logic solver, shutdown valves and
ancillary devices including testing, communications and monitoring subsystems.
You will need to purchase this standard.
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